今天小編跟大家講解下有關(guān)“MongoDB進(jìn)行查詢文檔操作實(shí)例是怎樣的”的內(nèi)容 ，相信小伙伴們對(duì)這個(gè)話題應(yīng)該有所關(guān)注吧，小編也收集到了相關(guān)資料，希望小伙伴們看了有所幫助。

MongoDB簡(jiǎn)介

MongoDB 是一個(gè)基于分布式文件存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)庫。由 C++ 語言編寫。旨在為 WEB 應(yīng)用提供可擴(kuò)展的高性能數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)解決方案。

MongoDB 是一個(gè)介于關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫和非關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫之間的產(chǎn)品，是非關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫當(dāng)中功能最豐富，最像關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫的。

下面給大家介紹MongoDB查詢文檔操作的實(shí)例

先把student刪除，再重新插入數(shù)據(jù)

> db.student.drop()
true
> db.student.insert([{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age": 27, "sex": 1 }, { "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age": 27 } ,{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age": 30 }, { "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age": 28 }, { "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age": 33 }, { "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age": 32 }])
BulkWriteResult({
"writeErrors" : [ ],
"writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
"nInserted" : 6,
"nUpserted" : 0,
"nMatched" : 0,
"nModified" : 0,
"nRemoved" : 0,
"upserted" : [ ]
})
> db.student.find()
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 } 

1、查詢指定鍵

db.集合名稱.find({查詢條件},{指定鍵})

指定鍵：1表示顯示，0表示不顯示，_id默認(rèn)顯示

> db.student.find({},{name:1})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan" }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi" }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu" }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu" }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu" }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba" }
> db.student.find({},{_id:0, age:0})
{ "name" : "zhangsan", "sex" : 1 }
{ "name" : "lisi" }
{ "name" : "wangwu" }
{ "name" : "zhaoliu" }
{ "name" : "qianliu" }
{ "name" : "sunba" }
> db.student.find({},{_id:0, name:1})
{ "name" : "zhangsan" }
{ "name" : "lisi" }
{ "name" : "wangwu" }
{ "name" : "zhaoliu" }
{ "name" : "qianliu" }
{ "name" : "sunba" } 

2、各種查詢方式

$lt:
$gte:>=
$ne:!=
> db.student.find({age:{$lt:30}})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
> db.student.find({age:{$ne:27}})
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 } 

$in:包含

$nin:不包含

> db.student.find({age:{$in:[27,28]}})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
> db.student.find({age:{$nin:[27,28]}})
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 } 

$or:或者

> db.student.find({$or:[{age:{$lt:29}}, {name:"sunba"}]})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 } 

null:空值

> db.student.find({sex: null})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 } 

$type:鍵是某種類型的

double:1
string:2
...

> db.student.insert({_id:7, name:7, age:70})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.student.find({name: {$type: 2}})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
> db.student.find({name: {$type: 1}})
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 } 

正則表達(dá)式

> db.student.find({name: /si\b/})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 } 

db.集合名稱.findOne({查詢條件},{指定鍵})
查詢出符合條件的第一條數(shù)據(jù)

> db.student.findOne()
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 } 

db.集合名稱.find({查詢條件},{指定鍵}).limit(數(shù)字)
查詢前幾條數(shù)據(jù)

> db.student.find().limit(3)
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 } 

db.集合名稱.find({查詢條件},{指定鍵}).skip(數(shù)字)
跳過前幾條數(shù)據(jù)

> db.student.find().skip(2)
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 } 

可以使用limit()和skip()實(shí)現(xiàn)分頁

> db.student.find().skip(0).limit(3)
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
> db.student.find().skip(3).limit(3)
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
> db.student.find().skip(6).limit(3)
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 } 

db.集合名稱.find().sort({鍵:數(shù)字})
數(shù)字為1表示升序，數(shù)字為2表示降序

> db.student.find().sort({age:1})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 }
> db.student.find().sort({age:1, _id:-1})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27, "sex" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu", "age" : 30 }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "sunba", "age" : 32 }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "qianliu", "age" : 33 }
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : 7, "age" : 70 } 

以上就是關(guān)于“MongoDB進(jìn)行查詢文檔操作實(shí)例是怎樣的”的介紹了，感謝各位的閱讀，希望這篇文章能幫助大家解決問題。如果想要了解更多知識(shí)，歡迎關(guān)注群英網(wǎng)絡(luò)，小編每天都會(huì)為大家更新不同的知識(shí)。

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